What is it?
Descriptive Teaching is an instructional strategy used within Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) to support learners in expressing their understanding using flexible, meaningful language rather than relying only on specific vocabulary for correct answers. Instead of expecting a student to label or recall exact words (e.g., naming a character or vocabulary term), Descriptive Teaching encourages students to describe, explain, and share what they know using the words available to them on their AAC system. In an inclusive classroom, this approach shifts the focus from getting the “right word” to building language, participation, and deeper comprehension for all learners, including those who use AAC.
How to use it?
Descriptive Teaching is used by modeling and inviting language that focuses on describing rather than labeling. Educators and communication partners model how to talk around a word using core vocabulary and familiar language structures. For example, instead of asking “What is this called?” a teacher might say, “Tell me about it,” and model responses like “it is big,” “it goes fast,” or “you use it to fly.” In a literacy lesson, rather than requiring a student to name a specific character, the teacher might support them in describing the character’s actions, traits, or role in the story. In an inclusive classroom, this might look like all students sharing ideas in multiple ways, some using precise vocabulary, others describing using AAC, while the teacher validates and expands on all contributions. Over time, this builds both language skills and confidence, while still connecting to academic content.
Why use it?
Descriptive Teaching increases access to participation by removing barriers related to limited vocabulary or motor access on an AAC system. It allows students to demonstrate understanding even if they cannot quickly find or produce specific words. This supports language development by emphasizing core vocabulary, flexible thinking, and generative language use rather than memorization. In inclusive classrooms, it promotes equity by valuing multiple ways of expressing knowledge and aligns with Universal Design for Learning by providing multiple means of expression. Ultimately, Descriptive Teaching helps shift the focus from correctness to communication, fostering richer interactions, deeper learning, and more meaningful participation for all students.
